msc-alff

Determination of incompatibility group plasmids

Determination of incompatibility group plasmids and copy number of the bla NDM-1 gene in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains recovered from different hospitals in Kerman, Iran

Introduction. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a serious global health concern.

Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Due to the high genetic diversity among NDM-positive K. pneumoniae, we need further surveillance and studies to better understand the relationships between them. In addition, the coexistence of several plasmid replicon types in NDM-positive K. pneumoniae may affect the copy number of bla NDM, the MIC level to antibiotics, as well as increasing the chance of horizontal gene transfer.

Aim. The aim of this study was to determine incompatible plasmid groups and copy numbers of bla NDM, and to investigate the genetic relationship of 37 NDM-positive K. pneumoniae in Kerman, Iran.

Methodology. The bla NDM-1 gene was detected and confirmed by PCR-sequencing. The plasmid replicon types were determined by PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) and the copy number of bla NDM-1 was determined by quantitaive real time-PCR (qPCR). Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR typing was used to detect genetic relationships between the strains.

Results. In this study, 10 different replicon types, including Frep [n=25 (67.5 %)], FIIAs [n=11 (29.7 %)], FIA [n=5 (13.5 %)], FIB [n=3 (8.1 %)], I1-Iγ [n=2 (5.4 %)], L/M [n=7 (18.9 %)], A/C [n=7 (18.9 %)], Y [n=3 (8.1 %)], P [n=1 (2.7 %)] and FIC [n=1 (2.7 %)] were reported. The copy numbers of the bla NDM-1 gene varied from 30.00 to 5.0×106 and no statistically significant correlation was observed between a rise of the MIC to imipenem and the copy numbers of bla NDM-1 (P>0.05). According to RAPD typing results, 35 strains were divided into five clusters, while two strains were non-typeable.Conclusion. The spread of NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae strains that carry several plasmid replicon types increases the chance of horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in hospital settings. In this study, 10 different replicon types were identified. We could not find any relationship between the increase of MIC levels to imipenem and the copy numbers of bla NDM-1. Therefore, due to the identification of different replicon types in this study, the type and genetic characteristics of bla NDM-1-carrying plasmids, and other factors such as antibiotic selective pressure, probably affect the copy number of bla NDM-1 and change the MIC level to imipenem.

msc-alff
msc-alff

pLenti-MAGEA3 shRNA-2 Plasmid

PVTBAV13661-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

pLenti-RUNX3 shRNA-2 Plasmid

PVTBAV20583-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

pLenti-Slc7a11 shRNA-2 Plasmid

PVTBAV21973-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

pLenti-STAT3 shRNA-2 Plasmid

PVTBAV22921-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

pLenti-XRCC5 shRNA-2 Plasmid

PVTBAV26238-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein, Avi-His-tag

E80027
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 4087.60
  • 1 ml
  • 100 ul

Recombinant Porcine IL 2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10699-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Canine MCP 2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10782-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant HIV-2 Protease Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP12271-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human BMP-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP5363-10ug 10ug
EUR 284.4

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein(S) (D614G), Partial

E80028
  • EUR 388.30
  • EUR 860.20
  • 20 ul
  • 100 ul

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 RBD Protein, Avi-His-tag

E80024
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 4995.10
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 RBD Protein, Mouse Fc-fusion

E80026
  • EUR 588.50
  • EUR 823.90
  • 20 ul
  • 50 ul

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (16-685) Protein, Avi-His-tag

E80021
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 4276.80
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 RBD (V367F) Protein, Avi-His-tag

E80023
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 3934.70
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (13-665) Protein, Fc Fusion, Avi-tag

E80020
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 4276.80
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 (16-685) Protein, Fc Fusion, Avi-tag

E80022
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 4276.80
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 RBD Protein, Human Fc-Fusion, Avi-Tag

E80025
  • EUR 635.80
  • EUR 3934.70
  • 100 ul
  • 1 ml

Recombinant Human Glutaredoxin-2, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8154-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Arginase-2, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP5676-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human CXCL2/ MIP-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP1016-10ug 10ug
EUR 284.4

Recombinant Bovine FGF 2 Protein, Untagged, Native Protein-10ug

QP10599-10ug 10ug
EUR 426

Recombinant Human MMP-2 Protein, His, HEK 293-10ug

QP10790-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Influenza Parainfluenza Type-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP12960-10ug 10ug
EUR 186

Recombinant Human STC 2 Protein, Untagged, HEK 293-10ug

QP13613-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Mouse MCP-2/ CCL8 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP5471-10ug 10ug
EUR 284.4

Recombinant Bovine FGF 2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10599-EC-10ug 10ug
EUR 186

Recombinant Human Metaxin-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6393-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Mouse Thrombospondin-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6786-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Mouse Thrombospondin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6786-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant E.coli Thioredoxin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP7012-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 434.4

Recombinant Human Prohibitin-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8027-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Talin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP8291-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Mouse Bcl-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP5710-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 186

Recombinant Human Plastin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6289-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Galectin-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6295-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Twinfilin-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP7777-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Chicken Vitellogenin-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8859-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Mouse Renin-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8886-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Metallothionein-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8894-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Semenogelin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9386-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 369.6

Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9753-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Ficolin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9759-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Zebrafish Metallothionein-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9826-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 434.4

Recombinant Mouse Arginase-2, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP5677-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Dengue Virus Dengue Envelope-2 Protein, Untagged, Insect-10ug

QP11626-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human IGF-2/ IGF-II Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP5264-10ug 10ug
EUR 163.2

Recombinant Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 Protein, Partial

E80016
  • EUR 470.80
  • EUR 753.50
  • EUR 1824.90
  • 20 ul
  • 100 ul
  • 500 ul

Recombinant Human CCL24/ Eotaxin-2/ MPIF-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8522-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

KRTAP3-2 cloning plasmid

CSB-CL871617HU-10ug 10ug
EUR 279.6
Description: A cloning plasmid for the KRTAP3-2 gene.

KRTAP9-2 cloning plasmid

CSB-CL880139HU1-10ug 10ug
EUR 308.4
Description: A cloning plasmid for the KRTAP9-2 gene.

KRTAP9-2 cloning plasmid

CSB-CL880139HU2-10ug 10ug
EUR 308.4
Description: A cloning plasmid for the KRTAP9-2 gene.

KRTAP12-2 cloning plasmid

CSB-CL012606HU-10ug 10ug
EUR 279.6
Description: A cloning plasmid for the KRTAP12-2 gene.

KRTAP4-2 cloning plasmid

CSB-CL861178HU-10ug 10ug
EUR 279.6
Description: A cloning plasmid for the KRTAP4-2 gene.

Recombinant Human Bcl 2 (minus BH4 domain) Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP11138-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6997-10ug 10ug
EUR 186

Recombinant Human SerpinB2/ PAI-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10161-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 348

Recombinant Human TIMP2/ TIMP-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10162-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 348

Recombinant Human CCL8/ MCP-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10231-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 348

Recombinant Human IL2/ Interleukin-2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10309-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 184.8

Recombinant Human IGF1 Isoform 2 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10390-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 184.8

Recombinant Human CCL8/ MCP-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP4994-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6447-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Rat Neuroendocrine convertase 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6473-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Rat SerpinB2/ PAI-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6669-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Tryptase beta-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6832-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Mouse Tryptase beta-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6833-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant E.coli Thioredoxin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7012-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Macaque CXCL10/ Crg-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP7849-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Human Thioredoxin-2/ TXN2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8009-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Calponin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP8036-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Thioredoxin reductase 2, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP8200-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Talin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP8291-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Angiopoietin-2/ ANG2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8512-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human TIMP2/ TIMP-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8571-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Mouse CXCL2/ MIP-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8651-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8726-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Caspase-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP5762-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Mouse Desmoglein-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP5947-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Human Elongation factor 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP5962-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Estrogen Receptor 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6000-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Mouse Hyaluronan synthase 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6144-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Mouse Hyaluronan synthase 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6144-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human IL2/ Interleukin-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6216-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human IL2/ Interleukin-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6216-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Rabbit IL2/ Interleukin-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6218-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Human Integrin alpha-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6238-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Plastin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6289-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Septin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7552-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Clavesin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7684-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Mouse 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7717-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Sesquipedalian-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7760-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Complexin-2/ CPLX2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP7773-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Vasohibin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP7784-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant E.coli GTP cyclohydrolase-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8879-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Mouse Angiopoietin-2/ ANG2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8884-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Retinal dehydrogenase 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP8968-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 369.6

Recombinant Mouse Elongation factor 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9112-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human MBL-2/ MBL Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9268-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Bovine Serpin A3-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9699-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 434.4

Recombinant Human CCL8/ MCP-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP4994-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human BMP-2 Protein, Untagged, HEK 293-10ug

QP5363-HEK-10ug 10ug
EUR 261.6

Recombinant Human FKBP6 Protein, His, -10ug

QP10610-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human NAP-2/ PPBP/ CXCL7 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10212-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 348

Recombinant Rat NAP-2/ PPBP/ CXCL7 Protein, Untagged, E.coli-10ug

QP10285-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 348

Recombinant Human Ribonucleoprotein PTB-binding 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9902-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Growth/ differentiation factor 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9936-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Exportin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, Invitro-E.coli-10ug

QP9974-iv-10ug 10ug
EUR 936

Recombinant Rat MMP-2/ CLG4A Protein Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6369-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Nanos homolog 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6402-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Nuclear transport factor 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6442-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Phosphomannomutase 2/ PMM2/ CDG1 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6508-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human PTGS2/ COX2/ PGHS-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6551-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Rat SerpinB2/ PAI-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6669-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Serine palmitoyltransferase 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6726-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Tumor suppressor candidate 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP6856-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human CD112/ Nectin-2/ PVRL2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP7863-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human GMP reductase 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP8126-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human AGO2/ Argonaute 2/ EIF2C2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8243-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human AGO2/ Argonaute 2/ EIF2C2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP8243-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human RuvB-like 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP8295-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Glucosidase 2 subunit beta Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8431-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human IGF-2/ IGF-II Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8601-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human NAP-2/ PPBP/ CXCL7 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8641-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Laminin subunit beta-2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8788-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human CALCB/ CGPR/ Calcitonin 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP5747-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Calpain-2 catalytic subunit Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP5756-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human CETN2/ Centrin 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP5820-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human CFL2/ cofilin 2/ ADF Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP5825-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Clathrin heavy chain 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP5842-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Clathrin heavy chain 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP5842-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Egl nine homolog 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP5968-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Glycerol kinase 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6085-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Macaque IL2/ Interleukin-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6217-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 391.2

Recombinant Human Integrin alpha-2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6238-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human JAM-2/ JAM-B Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP6247-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human JAM-2/ JAM-B Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP6247-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Mouse Hemoglobin subunit beta-2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP7346-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Mouse Hemoglobin subunit beta-2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP7346-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Protein delta homolog 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP7755-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Protein delta homolog 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP7755-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Rat BDNF Protein Isoform 2 Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP8869-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Orexin receptor type 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9175-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 369.6

Recombinant Human Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9310-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human Transmembrane protease serine 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9439-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Mouse Protein delta homolog 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9838-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 369.6

Recombinant Human IL12RB2/ IL12R-beta 2 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug

QP9881-ye-10ug 10ug
EUR 283.2

Recombinant Human AK2/ Adenylate kinase 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP5635-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

pDONR223-CD73 Plasmid

PVTB00480-2 2 ug
EUR 427.2

Recombinant Human Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Protein α Isoform/PITPNA (N-6His)

CE10-10ug 10ug
EUR 242.4
Description: Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM TrisHCl, 1mM EDTA, 1mM DTT, pH 8.0.

Glycolipid Transfer Protein (GLTP) Protein

20-abx262570
  • EUR 393.60
  • EUR 7676.40
  • EUR 276.00
  • 10 ug
  • 1 mg
  • 2 µg

Recombinant Human Actin-related protein 2/ 3 complex subunit 2 Protein, GST, E.coli-10ug

QP8442-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Recombinant Human Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2 Protein, His, Invitro-E.coli-10ug

QP10004-iv-10ug 10ug
EUR 554.4

Recombinant Human Bcl 2 (minus BH1 domain) Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP10491-HIS-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human Bcl 2 (minus BH2 domain) Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP10492-HIS-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human Bcl 2 (minus BH3 domain) Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP10493-HIS-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Human Bcl 2 (minus NWGR domain) Protein, His, E.coli-10ug

QP10494-HIS-10ug 10ug
EUR 241.2

Recombinant Dog Trypsin 2/ PRSS2 Protein, His-SUMO, Invitro-E.coli-10ug

QP9996-iv-10ug 10ug
EUR 936

Recombinant Rat MMP-2/ CLG4A Protein Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6369-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 326.4

Recombinant Human Myelin expression factor 2 Protein, His-SUMO, E.coli-10ug

QP6399-ec-10ug 10ug
EUR 240

Plasmids shape the diverse accessory resistomes of Escherichia coli ST131

The human gut microbiome includes beneficial, commensal and pathogenic bacteria that possess antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and exchange these predominantly through conjugative plasmids. Escherichia coli is a significant component of the gastrointestinal microbiome and is typically non-pathogenic in this niche. In contrast, extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) including ST131 may occupy other environments like the urinary tract or bloodstream where they express genes enabling AMR and host cell adhesion like type 1 fimbriae.

The extent to which commensal E. coli and uropathogenic ExPEC ST131 share AMR genes remains understudied at a genomic level, and we examined this here using a preterm infant resistome. We found that individual ST131 had small differences in AMR gene content relative to a larger shared resistome. Comparisons with a range of plasmids common in ST131 showed that AMR gene composition was driven by conjugation, recombination and mobile genetic elements.

Plasmid pEK499 had extended regions in most ST131 Clade C isolates, and it had evidence of a co-evolutionary signal based on protein-level interactions with chromosomal gene products, as did pEK204 that had a type IV fimbrial pil operon. ST131 possessed extensive diversity of selective type 1, type IV, P and F17-like fimbriae genes that was highest in subclade C2. The structure and composition of AMR genes, plasmids and fimbriae vary widely in ST131 Clade C and this may mediate pathogenicity and infection outcomes.

Development of a simplified and inexpensive RNA depletion method for plasmid DNA purification using size selection magnetic beads (SSMBs)

Plasmid DNA (pDNA) isolation from bacterial cells is one of the most common and critical steps in molecular cloning and biomedical research. Almost all pDNA purification involves disruption of bacteria, removal of membrane lipids, proteins and genomic DNA, purification of pDNA from bulk lysate, and concentration of pDNA for downstream applications. While many liquid-phase and solid-phase pDNA purification methods are used, the final pDNA preparations are usually contaminated with varied degrees of host RNA, which cannot be completely digested by RNase A.

To develop a simple, cost-effective, and yet effective method for RNA depletion, we investigated whether commercially available size selection magnetic beads (SSMBs), such as Mag-Bind® TotalPure NGS Kit (or Mag-Bind), can completely deplete bacterial RNA in pDNA preparations. In this proof-of-principle study, we demonstrated that, compared with RNase A digestion and two commercial plasmid affinity purification kits, the SSMB method was highly efficient in depleting contaminating RNA from pDNA minipreps.

Gene transfection and bacterial colony formation assays revealed that pDNA purified from SSMB method had superior quality and integrity to pDNA samples cleaned up by RNase A digestion and/or commercial plasmid purification kits. We further demonstrated that the SSMB method completely depleted contaminating RNA in large-scale pDNA samples. Furthermore, the Mag-bind-based SSMB method costs only 5-10% of most commercial plasmid purification kits on a per sample basis. Thus, the reported SSMB method can be a valuable and inexpensive tool for the removal of bacterial RNA for routine pDNA preparations.

Emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance tet(X4) gene in Escherichia coli isolated from poultry, food and the environment in South Asia

The recent emergence of mobile-tigecycline resistance tet(X) genes in human and animals in China seriously threats the clinical utility of tigecycline. Here we focused on the isolation and molecular characterization of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance tet(X4)-positive E. coli from different sources in Pakistan using MinION and Illumina sequencing. The tet(X4) gene was detected in four E. coli isolates from poultry, chicken meat, wild bird and the slaughterhouse wastewater in Pakistan. Co-existence of colistin resistance mcr-1 gene was also detected in three isolates.

The four isolates belonged to different sequence types and the tet(X4) gene was located on plasmids ranging from 12,331 bp to 113,610 bp belonging to IncFII and IncQ replicon types with two genetic contexts ISCR2-tet(X4)-abh-ISCR2-lysR-floR-virD2 and ΔISCR2-abh-tet(X4)-ISCR2-virD2-floR, respectively. In all the four E. coli strains, tet(X4) was transferable by conjugation to E. coli J53 host strain. In addition, three of four strains transferred tet(X4) to a wild-type carbapenem resistant E. coli strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the emergence of plasmid-mediated tet(X4) gene from Pakistan. The convergence of tigecycline and colistin resistance in South Asia is a serious threat to human health.

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